Is technology a complement or substitute to refereeing in sports? A review
Keywords:
Sports Technology, Refereeing, Video Assistant Referee (VAR), Decision Accuracy,, Hawk-EyeAbstract
The objective of this review article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the incorporation of technology in the field of sports officiating, specifically emphasising its use in the context of football refereeing. The review finds that the adoption of technology in sports officiating has significantly enhanced decision-making accuracy and fairness. Technologies such as VAR in football have been effective in reducing home advantage bias and increasing decision accuracy. However, these technologies also pose challenges, including disruptions to the flow of the game and varying levels of acceptance among coaches, fans and players. The paper also discusses the economic and audience engagement aspects influenced by the utilisation of technology in sports. The findings of this review have critical implications for sports governing bodies, referees, players, and fans. They provide insights into the balance between maintaining the traditional essence of sports and embracing technological advancements. The review also highlights the need for consistent application and transparent communication regarding the usage of technology in sports. This review paper offers a comprehensive collation and analysis of research on the usage of technology in sports officiating, providing a global perspective on its effectiveness and challenges. It contributes to academic discourse and practical understanding, guiding future developments in sports officiating and policy-making.
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